NOTES

 

1. The following works treat preaching law in general since 1918: Joseph L. Allgeier, The Canonical Obligation of Preaching in Parish Churches (Washington, D.C., 1949); and James McVann, C.S.P., The Canon Law on Sermon Preaching (New York, 1940).

The present writer, intending to study pre-Code as well as post-Code legislation, and the subject matter as well as the laws of preaching, sent a brief questionnaire to all United States dioceses in 1973. The questions asked were: a) What provincial councils and synods (or both) has your archdiocese (or diocese) held? b) What preaching plans or syllabi has your archdiocese (or diocese) issued—if any—both before and after Vatican II? c) Are the synodal statutes and syllabi available at your chancery?

All but one of the dioceses and archdioceses approached responded, some in gracious detail. For the kindness of their curias I express my deep gratitude.

It is interesting to note that few responding chancery officials reported having an extensive file of their own past synods, or showed much awareness of their synodal traditions. Some dioceses have had many synods; some, only a few, or none. In 1929, Msgr. Peter Guilday set out to make a checklist of all American diocesan synods. He found it impossible because a number of dioceses had no knowledge of how many true synodical assemblies their bishops had convoked (Peter Guilday, A History of the Councils of Baltimore [1791-18841, New York, 1932, pp. 10-11.) Apparently the situation is no better now than in 1929. We are therefore using as illustrative material only a selection of synods representing as many sections of the country as possible. Furthermore, we by-pass Eastern Rite dioceses, since they have a somewhat different synodal tradition.

2. Synod Six, Diocese of Peoria, "Vision and Structures," II, B. The Catholic Post, Peoria, Ill., 3 February 1974.

3. Thomas Hughes, S.J., History of the Society of Jesus in North America. Colonial and Federal, II (London, 1917), p. 517, f.n. 7.

4. H. J. Schroeder, O.P., Canons and Decrees of the Council of Trent. Original Text with English Translation (St. Louis, 1941), p. 26. Latin text, p. 305.

5. Ibid., pp. 195-96. Latin text, pp. 465-66.

6. Ibid., pp. 197-98. Latin text, p. 467.

7. Some editions of the Roman Catechism (e.g. that published by the Seminary Press, Padua, 1930, pp. 5-8) contain a foreword identifying the members of the Catechism committee. It was written in 1762 by the famous lexicographer Egidio Forcellini.

8. Among those who praise the Catechism for its positive approach are: Fr. Prudent De Letter, S.J., "Catechism of the Council of Trent," New Catholic Encyclopedia; and Gerard S. Sloyan, "The Relation of the Catechisms to the Work of Religious Formation," in Modern Catechetics, G.S. Sloyan, Ed. (New York, 1963), p. 67. See also the review by Louis B. Pascoe, S.J., of Gerhard Bellinger’s Der Catechismus Romanus und die Reformation (Paderborn, 1970), in Catholic Historical Review, 59 (1973-1974), pp. 65-66.

9. Apologia Pro Vita Sua, Longmans Green ed., 1900, p. 280.

10. Joseph M. Connors, S.V.D., Catholic Homiletic Theory in Historical Perspective (Ph.D. dissertation, Northwestern University, Evanston, Ill., 1962), p. 82.

11. See "Statuta synodi Baltimorensis anno 1791 celebratae," in Concilia pro vincialia Baltimori habita ab anno 1829 usque ad annum 1849. Second ed. (Baltimore, 1851), pp. 11-24.

12. Hoping to get some inkling of the circulation which the Roman Catechism enjoyed during our early federal period, the present writer sent inquiries to five institutions dating from those times and possessing old library collections: Mount St. Mary’s College, Emmitsburg, Md.; Provincial House, Daughters of Charity, Emmitsburg, Md.; St. Mary’s Seminary, Baltimore; Basilica of the Sacred Heart, Conewango, Pa.; and the Brut~ Library, Vincennes, Indiana. Only the Brutó Library reported possessing Latin editions published before the nineteenth century: a Roman edition of 1584, and two others dated 1664 and 1682, both published in Lyons, France. If these were personal copies of Bishop Simon Brut~, they most likely did not reach the United States prior to own arrival here in 1810. Nor did any of the five libraries contacted have copies of the only two English translations of the Catechism known to have been published before the American Revolution: the anonymous, incomplete, and very rare A Large Summary of the Doctrines Contained in the Catechism Published by the Decree of the Council of Trent .. . (London?, 1675); and the less rare but inaccurate John Bromley translation, The Catechism for the Curates Composed by the Decree of the Council of Trent (London, 1687). The Catechism that Father Mosley had at Tuckahoe, Md., in the 1760’s, if in English, was probably the Bromley edition. For data on these and other translations, see: John A. McHugh, O.P., and Charles J. Callan, O.P., Catechism of the Council of Trent for Parish Priests Issued by Order of Pius V (New York, copr. 1934), Introduction, pp. xi-xxxvii.

13. "Quidam ex articulis ecclesiasticae disciplinae quos Ill. mi ac Rev.mi DD. Archiepiscopus Baltimorensis et Episcopi Americae Foederatae, communi consensu, anno 1810 sanxerunt,"in Conciliaprovincialia Baltimori habita ab anno 1829 usque ad annum 1849, pp. 25-28.

14. "Decreta concilii Baltimorensis provincialis I," in Acta et decreta sacrorum conciliorum recentiorum. Collectio Lacensis, Freiburg, 3 (1875), 31. The Latin phrase describing the ideal sermon is "brevi, perspicuoque sermone audientium captui accommodato." Hereafter we shall refer to the Collectio Lacensis as "CL."

15. CL 3, 90-91.

16. CL 3, 123-28. Although I Provincial Oregon, beyond mentioning the Ritual commissioned by the Fourth Provincial Council of Baltimore, does not in its decrees allude to the Baltimore legislation, we are assured by Father Bertram F. Griffin, the historian of the Oregon councils: "These six councils [of Baltimore], together with the National Synod held by John Carroll in 1791 formed the basis and legislative background of the first Provincial Council in Oregon." Bertram F. Griffin, The Provincial Councils of Portland in Oregon (Rome, 1964), p. 7, f.n., 8.

17. H. J. Schroeder, O.P., Canons and Decrees of the Council of Trent, pp. 192-

93. Latin text, pp. 462-63.

For the New Orleans synod, see Synodus dioecesana Neo-Aurelianensis secunda (1844). For the others, see: Synodus dioecesana Baltimorensis II · . .1831. Decreta synodi Mobiliensis primae (1835), cited in John Gilmary Shea, History of the Catholic Church in the United States (New York, 1890), 3, 699-700. Stat uta dioecesis S. Ludovici promulgata . . . in synodo dioecesana [primal (1839). (See also Frederick J. Easterly, C.M., The Life of Rt. Rev. Joseph Rosati, C.M. [Washington, D.C., 1942], pp. 155-56.) Acta et decreta quinque synodorum dioecesis Vincennopolitanae, 1844-1891.

In quest of synodal preaching legislation, the present writer has examined more than 140 diocesan synods, particularly in the collections of the Catholic University of America; St. Charles Borromeo Seminary, Over-brook, Pa.; and St. Bernard’s Seminary, Rochester. Diocesan chanceries have also kindly furnished, voluntarily or on request, copies of the pertinent decrees of their own relevant provincial, synodal, and pro-synodal legislation. In these footnotes we generally abbreviate the titles of the synodal books, which in pious curial tradition have usually been unconscionably long. We assume that the publishers of provincial councils are the metropolitans, or perhaps all the provincial bishops; and that the publishers of synodal statute books are the bishops of the dioceses.

18. The 1842 Metropolitan Catholic Almanac (Baltimore, Fielding Lucas, Jr.), in its advertisers’ appendix, under "French Books," lists a 32mo Latin copy of the Roman Catechism for $.75. This item continues to be advertised in subsequent annual issues. The 1835 United States Catholic Almanac (Baltimore, James Myres), carries an advertisement of a recent English edition: "The Catechism of the Council of Trent, one volume, fine edition, 550 pages, large print." The price is $1.50. Henceforth the Catholic almanacs list this English edition as a stock item. A booklist of John Doyle, New York bookseller, published in the Metropolitan Catholic Almanac for 1841, identifies it as the recent translation of Rev. J. Donovan.

According to Callan and McHugh, in the introduction to their own translation, The Catechism of the Council of Trent, the Reverend Jeremy Donovan’s translation was the second one in English to appear in the 19th century. (A "very unreliable" anonymous translation was published in Dublin in 1816.) The Irish publisher of Donovan’s version was Richard Coyne of Dublin; but it also came out in the same year, 1829, over the name of Keating and Brown of London, and of an American publisher. Callan and McHugh do not name this American publisher. However, the library of Mount St. Mary’s College has a copy of the American imprint dated 1833, and declared by the publisher, James Myres of Baltimore, to be "First American, from the Dublin Edition." Mount St. Mary’s also has two undated prints of the same work published by Fielding Lucas, Jr.; and later copies issued by the Catholic Publication Society of New York and by the Catholic School Book Company. Neither of the last two bears a date; but the Catholic Publication Society was founded by Father Isaac Hecker, C.S.P. in 1866, and the Catholic School Book Company, since it bears the logo of the Catholic Publication Society, must have been an affiliate. Callan and McHugh say that Donovan’s Catechism was more paraphrase than translation, and is "singularly devoid of accuracy." A revised edition, more correct but less readable, was published in Rome by the Propaganda Fide press in 1839. Mount Saint Mary’s has a copy of this edition; and also a copy of part one of a French translation of the Catechism by Abbe Doney, Catechisme du Concile de Trente (Paris, Gauthier Fi’eres & C.e, 1826). We are deeply indebted, for all this information, to Mr. Kelly J. Fitzpatrick, Librarian, The Hugh J. Philips Library, Mount St. Mary’s College.

From the number and time-range of these editions, especially the Donovan translation, one can fairly conclude, it seems, that once the Roman Catechism had been translated into English in 1829, it enjoyed a wider and more constant circulation than before among Catholic priests and preachers in the United States.

19. Guilday, A History of the Councils of Baltimore, p. 178. For the decrees and allied documents of Plenary I, see "Concilium plenarium totius Americae Septentrionalis Foederatae," in CL 3, 129-54.

20. The Twelve American provincial councils held between 1852 and 1866 were: "Concilium Baltimorense provinciale VIII" (1855), CL 3, 155-68. "Concilium Baltimorense provinciale IX"(1858), CL 3, 169-82. "Concilium Cincinnatense provinciale I" (1855), CL 3, 184-202. "Concilium Cincinnatense provinciale II" (1858), CL 3, 203-14. "Concilium Cincinnatense provinciale III" (1861), CL 3, 215-32. "Concilium Neo-Aurelianense provinciale primum" [New Orleans] (1856), CL 3, 233-48. "Concilium Neo Aurelianense provinciale secundum"(1860), CL 3,249-58. "Concilium Neo Eboracense primum" [New York] (1854), CL 3, 259-70. "Concilium provinciale Neo-Eboracense II" (1860), CL 3, 271-90. "Concilium provinciale NeoEboracense III" (1861), CL 3, 291-302. "Concilium provinciale Sancti Ludoviciprimum"[St. Louis] (1855), CL 3,303-12. "Concilium provinciale Sancti Ludovici secundum (1858), CL 3, 313-22.

21. The Latin text is: "Caveant sacerdotes ne in praedicando verbo divino aut in administrando sacramento Poenitentiae, dum abusus aut scandala apostolica libertate insectantur, leges arbitrarias inducant ea repraesentantes velut lethalia et mortifera peccata, quae judicio canonistarum et moralistarum non sunt nisi levia vel nulla; Ut, ex.gr. quidam ornatus muliebres, convivia festiva et alia hujusmodi." CL 3, 226-27.

22. For this episode see: Camillus Maes, The Life of Charles Nerinckx, (Cincinnati, 1880). Victor F. O’Daniel, O.P., The Right Rev. Edward Dominic Fenwick, O.P.... (New York, copr. 1920); pp. 127-65; and "Fathers Badin and Nerinckx and the Dominicans in Kentucky. A Long Misunderstood Episode in American Church History," in Catholic Historical Review, 5 (1920-1921), 15-45. Also J. Herman Schauinger, Stephen T. Badin. Priest in the Wilderness (Milwaukee, 1956). The disagreement arose in part from the natural contrast between the strict Franco-Belgian pastoral practice of that era and the Anglo-Saxon outlook of the early Kentucky Catholics and the pioneer Kentucky Dominicans. While Nerinckx took pride in his own stern pastoral approach, he himself said that Badin showed "more than necessary severity." Even their defender, Schauinger, admits that the two were "not easy in their standards of virtue." It must also be remembered that they were dealing with a flock who were living a frontier life amid a strongly anti-Catholic majority. However, one cannot properly accuse either of these admirable priests of ideological Jansenism.

23. Province of Baltimore: Synodus dioecesana Baltimorensis [1111 (1853). Synodus dioecesana Baltimorensis [IV] (1857). Synodus dioecesana Baltimorensis [V] (1863). Synodus dioecesana Baltimorensis VI (1865).

Province of New York: Synod 1(1854) in Decreta synodorum Hart fordiensium in unum volumen collecta (Hartford, 1902). Prima synodus Burlingtonensis (1855).

Province of St. Louis: Synodus Milwauchiensis primae (1857). "Decreta primae synodi dioecesanae" (1861) in Decreta synodalia St. Pauli in Minnesota (St. Paul, 1874). Statuta lata etpromulgata . . . insynodoprima dioecesana [Dubuquensi] (1860).

Province of New Orleans: Synodus dioecesana Neo-Aurelianensis tertia (1858). Decreta synodi dioecesanae Natchezensis [sic] primae (1858). Statuta synodi Mobiliensis [number?] (1865), cited in: Oscar Hugh Lipscomb, "The Administration of John Quinlan Second Bishop of Mobile, 1859-1883," Records of the American Catholic Historical Society, 78(1967), p. 70.

Province of San Francisco: Synodus dioecesana Sancti Francisci [I] (1862).

Province of Cincinnati: Statuta [pro-synodalia] dioecesis Sanctae Mariae (1856).

24. Guilday, A History of the Councils of Baltimore, p. 195. See also: Thomas W Spalding, Martin John Spalding: American Churchman (Washington, D.C., copr. 1973), pp. 194-237.

25. The acts and decrees of the Second Plenary Council are in CL 3, 324-574. The preaching decrees, numbered 127-146, are in columns 433-41.

26. "Titulus II, De Hierarchia; cap. III, De Conciliis Provincialibus," decrees 56-62. See also "Titulus XIV, De efficaciori Decretorum Baltimorensium executione promovenda, caput unicum," decree 533.

27. "Concilium Provinciale Baltimorense X" (1869), CL 3, 575-600, decree I. Concilium Neo-Aurelianenseprovinciale tertium (1873), decree II. Concilii pro vincialis S. Francisci II acta et decreta (1883), decree II. (This added nothing on preaching.) Decreta Concilii pro vincialis Philadelphiensis I (1880), decree I.

28. Second Provincial Council, decree XXIII, in Acta et Decreta conciliorum pro vincialium Pro vinciae Oregonopolitanae annis 1848, 1881 et 1891 celebratorum (Mt. Angel, Oregon, 1895).

29. Cap. IV, "Dc Concionatoribus," in "Concilium provinciale Cincinnatense IV," (1882), Acta et decreta quatuor conciliorum pro vincialium Cincinnatensium, 1855-1882 (Cincinnati, 1886). According to the act of Private Congregation VI, the Council Fathers themselves added the item on the "brief instruction" to the original schema of the decree. See p. 191.

30. Acta et decreta concilii provincialis Neo-Eboracensis IV(1883), Chap. III, Articles II, III.

31. Province of Baltimore: Synodus diocesana Baltimorensis VIII (1875). Statuta. . . . in synodo [tertia] dioecesana [Whelingensi] lata et promulgata (1873). Synodus dioecesana Wilmingtonensis prima (1879).

Province of Philadelphia: Statuta dioeceseos Eriensis lata in tertia synodo dioecesana (1875).

Province of New York: Synodus dioecesana Buffalensis decima septima (1871). Acta et statuta synodi dioecesanae Roffensis primae [Rochester] (1875). Statuta dioeceseos Ogdensburgensis quae in synodo Ogdensburgensi I, AD. 1875, lata et promulgata fuere. Statuta Novarcensis dioeceseos . . . 1868 [Synod III of Newark].

Province of Boston: For Synod II of Boston (1868), see: Robert H. Lord, John E. Sexton, Edward T. Harrington, History of the Archdiocese of Boston (New York, 1944), 3, 25-37. Constitutiones dioecesanae in synodo [secunda] Pro videntiae A.D. 1878 habita. "Synodus secunda dioeceseos Hartfordiensis" (1878), in Decreta synodorum Hartfordiensium in unum volumen collecta.

Province of Cincinnati: Statuta dioeceseos Cievelandensis in synodis dioecesanis habitis annis Domini 1852, 1854, 1857, 1868, 1872, 1882 lata.

Province of Milwaukee: Decreta synodi dioecesanae Crossensis I habita . . . 1871 [La Crosse].

Province of New Orleans: Synodus dioecesana Neo-Aurelianensis quarta (1869). Synodus dioecesana Nachetensis quarta (1874).

Province of Oregon City: Acta et stat uta synodi dioecesis Nesqualiensis I, cited by Bertram F. Griffin, The Provincial Councils of Portland in Oregon, pp. 51-52.

32. For example, the First Synod of Bridgeport (1961) prescribed that once a year, on a Sunday in January, the official formulary of the "Rudiments of Faith" given in the appendix of the synodal book "be read slowly and distinctly in place of a sermon in all churches at all Masses" (decree no. 278).

33. The articles on preaching are Nos. 214-216. See Acta et decreta concilii plenarii Baitimorensis tertii. A.D. MDCCCLXXXI V. Praeside Ill.mo ac Rev.mo Jacobo Gibbons, Archiepiscopo Bait. et Delegato Apostolico.

Baltimorae: Typis Joannis Murphy et Sociorum, Summi Pontificis atque Archiepiscopi Baltimorensis Typographorum. MDCCCLXXX VI.

34. "Docere, delectare, movere" were cited by St. Augustine of Hippo as the traditional aims of rhetoric, religious as well as secular. See the brief treatment of "The Aims of Preaching" given in Joseph M. Connors’ dissertation, Catholic Homiletic Theory in Historical Perspective, pp. 462-64.

35. Acta et decreta concilii provinciaiis Milwaukiensis primi (1886). Concilium Cincinnatense provinciale V (1893). Acta et decreta conciliorum Pro vinci-ale Oregonopolitanae (Mount Angel, Oregon, 1895), as cited in: Bertram F. Griffin, The Provincial Councils of Portland in Oregon, pp. 55-68.

36. Province of Baltimore: Synodus dioecesana Baltimorensis nona (1886). Acta et statuta synodi Richmondiensis secundae (1886).

Province of Philadelphia: Fasciculus constitutionum synodalium Baltimorensium ad norman qua in dioecesi Harrisburgensi vigent redactorum (1893).

Province of New York: New York Synods V (1886), VI (1889), VII (1893), VIII (1895), and IX (1898) are gathered together in Synodorum archidioecesis Neo-Eboracensis collectio (New York, 1901). Constitutiones dioecesanae Brooklynenses [Synod III] (1894). Synodus dioecesana Albanensis quinta (1890). Synodus dioecesana Syracusana prima (1887). Synodus dioecesana Syracusana secunda (1890). Synodus dioecesana Syracusana tertia (1893). Synodus dioecesana Syracusana quarta (1896). Statuta dioecesana ... in synodo Roffensi secunda . . . lata (1887). Synodus dioecesana Buffalensis vigesima quarta (1901: a reissue, slightly revised, of Synod XX, held in 1886). Synodus dioecesana Novarcensis quinta (1886). Statuta dioeceseos Trentonensis [Synod II] (1896).

Province of Boston: Constitutiones dioecesanae (1886: a compilation, with some additions, of the decrees of the earlier synods of the Archdiocese of Boston). "Synodus tertia dioeceseos Hartfordiensis" (1886, in Decreta synodorum Hartfordiensium in unum volumen collecta). Acta et decreta synodi dioecesanae Providentiae tertiae (1887). Decima synodus Burlingtonensis (1886). Synodus dioecesana Portlandensis prima (1886).

Province of Cincinnati: Synodus dioecesana Cincinnatensis secunda (1886). Acta et constitutiones synodi dioecesana Detroitensis sextae (1885). Quinta synodus dioecesana Ludovicopolitana [Louisville] (1889).

Province of Chicago: Synodus dioecesana Chicagiensis prima(1887). Synodus dioecesana Bellevillensis secunda (1904). Synodus dioecesana Bellevillensis secunda (1904). Synodus dioecesana Altonensis prima (1889).

Province of Milwaukee: Statuta dioecesis Sinus Viridis [Green Bay] (1898: updated statutes of Synod III of 1895). Synodus dioecesana Crossensis secunda (1887).

Province of Dubuque: Synodus dioecesana Dubuquensis tertia (1905). Synodus dioecesana Davenportensis secunda (1904).

Province of St. Louis: Synodus dioecesana Sti. Ludovici tertia (1896). Synodus dioecesana St. Ludovici quarta (1902). Decreta synodi dioecesanae Lea venworthiensis secundae (1887, updated to 1907).

Province of New Orleans: Synodus dioecesana Neo-Aurelianensis quinta (1889). Synodus dioecesana Natchetensis quinta (1886). Synodus dioecesana Nachetensis sexta (1892). Synodus dioecesana Natchetensis septima (1897).

Province of Santa Fe: Constitutiones synodorum dioecesanorum Sanctae Fidei Novi Mexici primae secundae et tertiae (1888, 1891, 1893). Synodus dioecesana vicariatus apostolici Arizonensis prima (1892).

Province of Oregon City: Acta et decreta synodi dioecesana [primae] quam celebravit ... WH. Gross, Archiepiscopus Oregonopolitanus A.D. 1891, as cited in Bertram F. Griffin, The Provincial Councils of Portland in Oregon, pp. 52-54. Synodus dioecesana Nesqualiensis quarta (1898).

37. See Joseph B. Collins, S.S., "The Diffusion of Christian Teachings," in A Symposium on the Life and Works of Pope Pius X(Washington, D.C., 1946), pp. 87-118.

38. Acta Sanctae Sedis, 37 (1904-1905), 613-25. Translation in Joseph B. Collins, S.S., Catechetical Documents of Pope Pius X (Paterson, N.J., 1946), pp. 13-27.

39. John Cass, "Traditions in Preaching," in American Ecclesiastical Review, 103(1940), 348, cited in Joseph H. Connors, S.V.D., Catholic Homiletic Theory in Historical Perspective, p. 399.

40. Allgeier, The Canonical Obligation of Preaching in Parish Churches, pp. 58-61.

41. Statuta dioeceseos Riverormensis [Synod I] [Fall River] (1905).

42. Statuta dioeceseos Eriensis [Synod VI] (1912).

43. Acta synodi Roffensis tertiae (1914).

44. Synodus dioecesana Syracusana octava (1905). Synodus dioecesana Chicagiensis . . .. tertia (1905). Synodus dioecesana Siouopolitana secunda (1909). Synodus dioecesana Petriculana prima (1909). Synodus dioecesana Bellevillensis tertia (1909). Decreta synodi dioecesanae Kansanopolitanae 11(1912). Statuta dioeceseos Okiahomensis [Synod I] (1913).

45. This information is based on an unidentified clipping from what seems to be a Brooklyn daily paper. The announcement was made, it says, yesterday, on the first Sunday of Advent. If Bishop McDonnell made, as he says, a diligent study of the mode of implementing Acerbo Nimis, the article might better be dated 1906 than 1905; and the date of its appearance would have been the first Monday in Advent, December 3, 1906. According to John K. Sharp, the Bishop’s insistence on a thorough catechetical program for adults helped to produce "a better instructed laity." History of the Diocese of Brooklyn (Brooklyn, 1954), 2: 127.

46. Statuta dioeceseos Harrisburgensis . . .. in synodo dioecesana sexta habita

(1911).

47. Allgeier, The Canonical Obligation of Preaching in Parish Churches, p.62.

48. The anonymous reviewer for the American Ecclesiastical Review (68 [1923] (438-439) makes the following comment on the Callan-McHugh translation: "Many priests like to use the original Latin text because of its pure, elegant, and fluent style. Others, probably the majority, prefer one or another of the English versions whereof there are several more or less complete, but none heretofore wholly faithful and attractive. In the present translation priests possess a rendition that is at once faithful, idiomatic, and graceful. . . . The book will prove a valuable auxiliary to the pastoral ministry of preaching." According to Joseph F. Wagner, Inc., publisher of both the translation and the Parochial Course, the total number of copies issued in the fourteen printings would have been between 75,000 and 85,000. (John F. Wagner to the present writer, Hawthorne, N.J., May 29, 1975.)

49. Acta et decreta concilii pro vincialis Portlandensis in Oregon Quarti MCMXXXII (Portland, 1934).

50. Province of Boston: Constitutiones dioecesanae Bostonienses [Synod VI] (1919).

Province of New York: Constitutiones dioecesanae Brooklynienses [Synod V] (1926). Synodus dioecesana Buffalensis vigesima septima (1924). Synodus Roffensis quinta (1935). Synodus dioecesana Syracusensis undecima (1921).

Province of Philadelphia: Synodus Altunensis prima [Altoona] (1922). Synodus dioeceseos Harrisburgensis octava (1925). Synodus dioecesana Philadelphiensis IX (1934), as cited by Allgeier, The Canonical Obligation of Preaching in Parish Churches. p. 75.

Province of Baltimore: Constitutiones dioecesanae Carolopolitanae [Synod XVII] (1925).

Province of St. Paul: Statutes of the Diocese of Crookston [Synod I] (1921).

Province of Dubuque: Statutes, Third Synod, Diocese of Davenport (1932). The Code of the Diocese of Des Moines [Synod II] (1923).

Province of St. Louis: Decreta synodi Kansanopolitanae secundae [Kansas City, Mo.] (1920). Statuta dioecesana S. Joseph [Synod III] (1930).Sy-nodus dioecesana Sancti Ludovici septima (1929).

82. For discussions on the role of sermon plans, see: Carlo Braga, C.M., commentary on the Instruction Inter Oecumenici, in The Commentary on the Constitution and on the Instruction on the Sacred Liturgy, A. Bugnini, C.M. and C. Braga, C.M., Eds., pp. 327-425; especially pp. 363-66. Also, Gebhard Fesenmayer, O.F.M. Cap., "The Homily in the Eucharistic Celebration," in: William Barauna, Ed., Jovian Lang, O.F.M., English Ed., The Liturgy of Vatican iL, A Symposium in Two Volumes (Chicago, 1966), 1,63-82. Father William Toohey, C.S.C., also alludes to sermon plans in his article, "Preaching and the Constitution of the Liturgy," Yearbook of Liturgical Studies, John H. Miller, C.S.C., Ed. (Collegeville, Minn.), 5 (1964), 15-28. It seems to me, however, that he reduces too much the necessary catechetical aspect of the homily, and, by interpreting too restrictively the term "sacred text," tends to "shackle the Spirit."